conan.tools.files basic operations

Warning

These tools are experimental and subject to breaking changes.

conan.tools.files.copy()

def copy(conanfile, pattern, src, dst, keep_path=True, excludes=None, ignore_case=True)

Copy the files matching the pattern (fnmatch) at the src folder to a dst folder.

Parameters:

conanfile: Conanfile object.
pattern (Required): An fnmatch file pattern of the files that should be copied. It must not start with .. relative path or an exception will be raised.
src (Required): Source folder in which those files will be searched. This folder will be stripped from the dst parameter. E.g., lib/Debug/x86.
dst (Required): Destination local folder. It must be different from src value or an exception will be raised.
keep_path (Optional, defaulted to True): Means if you want to keep the relative path when you copy the files from the src folder to the dst one.
excludes (Optional, defaulted to None): A tuple/list of fnmatch patterns or even a single one to be excluded from the copy.
ignore_case (Optional, defaulted to True): If enabled, it will do a case-insensitive pattern matching.

Note

The files that are symlinks to files or symlinks to folders with be treated like any other file, so they will only be copied if the specified pattern matches with the file.

At the destination folder, the symlinks will be created pointing to the exact same file or folder, absolute or relative, being the responsibility of the user to manipulate the symlink to, for example, transform the symlink into a relative path before copying it so it points to the destination folder.

Check here the reference of tools to manage symlinks.

conan.tools.files.load()

def load(conanfile, path, encoding="utf-8")

Utility function to load files in one line. It will manage the open and close of the file, and load binary encodings. Returns the content of the file.

from conan.tools.files import load

content = load(self, "myfile.txt")

Parameters:

conanfile: Conanfile object.
path (Required): Path to the file.
encoding (Optional, Defaulted to utf-8): Specifies the input file text encoding.

conan.tools.files.save()

def save(conanfile, path, content, append=False, encoding="utf-8"):

Utility function to save files in one line. It will manage the open and close of the file and creating directories if necessary.

from conan.tools.files import save

save(self, "path/to/otherfile.txt", "contents of the file")

Parameters:

conanfile: Conanfile object.
path (Required): Path to the file.
content (Required): Content that should be saved into the file.
append (Optional, Defaulted to False): If True, it will append the content.
encoding (Optional, Defaulted to utf-8): Specifies the output file text encoding.

conan.tools.files.rename()

def rename(conanfile, src, dst)

Utility function to rename a file or folder src to dst. On Windows, it is very common that os.rename() raises an “Access is denied” exception, so this tool uses:command:robocopy if available. If that is not the case, or the rename is done in a non-Windows machine, it falls back to the os.rename() implementation.

from conan.tools.files import rename

def source(self):
    rename(self, "lib-sources-abe2h9fe", "sources")  # renaming a folder

Parameters:

conanfile: Conanfile object.
src (Required): Path to be renamed.
dst (Required): Path to be renamed to.

conan.tools.files.replace_in_file()

def replace_in_file(conanfile, file_path, search, replace, strict=True, encoding="utf-8")

Replace a string search in the contents of the file file_path with the string replace.

from conan.tools.files import replace_in_file

replace_in_file(self, os.path.join(self.source_folder, "folder", "file.txt"), "foo", "bar")

Parameters:

conanfile: Conanfile object.
file_path (Required): File path of the file to perform the replace in.
search (Required): String you want to be replaced.
replace (Required): String to replace the searched string.
strict (Optional, Defaulted to True): If True, it raises an error if the searched string is not found, so nothing is actually replaced.
encoding (Optional, Defaulted to utf-8): Specifies the input and output files text encoding.

conan.tools.files.mkdir()

def mkdir(path)

Utility functions to create a directory. The existence of the specified directory is checked, so mkdir() will do nothing if the directory already exists.

from conan.tools.files import mkdir

mkdir(self, "mydir") # Creates mydir if it does not already exist
mkdir(self, "mydir") # Does nothing

Parameters:

conanfile: Conanfile object.
path (Required): Path to the directory.

conan.tools.files.rmdir()

def rmdir(path)

Utility functions to remove a directory. The existence of the specified directory is checked, so rmdir() will do nothing if the directory doesn’t exists.

from conan.tools.files import rmdir

rmdir(self, "mydir") # Remove mydir if it exist
rmdir(self, "mydir") # Does nothing

Parameters:

conanfile: Conanfile object.
path (Required): Path to the directory.

conan.tools.files.chdir()

def chdir(conanfile, newdir):

This is a context manager that allows to temporary change the current directory in your conanfile:

from conan.tools.files import chdir

def build(self):
    with chdir(self, "./subdir"):
        do_something()

Parameters:

conanfile: Conanfile object.
newdir (Required): Directory path name to change the current directory.

conan.tools.files.unzip()

def unzip(conanfile, filename, destination=".", keep_permissions=False, pattern=None,
          strip_root=False):

This function extract different compressed formats (.tar.gz, .tar, .tzb2, .tar.bz2, .tgz, .txz, tar.xz, and .zip) into the given destination folder.

It also accepts gzipped files, with extension .gz (not matching any of the above), and it will unzip them into a file with the same name but without the extension, or to a filename defined by the destination argument.

from conan.tools.files import unzip

tools.unzip("myfile.zip")
# or to extract in "myfolder" sub-folder
tools.unzip("myfile.zip", "myfolder")

You can keep the permissions of the files using the keep_permissions=True parameter.

from conan.tools.files import unzip

unzip(self, "myfile.zip", "myfolder", keep_permissions=True)

Use the pattern argument if you want to filter specific files and paths to decompress from the archive.

from conan.tools.files import unzip

# Extract only files inside relative folder "small"
unzip(self, "bigfile.zip", pattern="small/*")
# Extract only txt files
unzip(self, "bigfile.zip", pattern="*.txt")

Parameters:

conanfile: Conanfile object.
filename (Required): File to be unzipped.
destination (Optional, Defaulted to "."): Destination folder for unzipped files.
keep_permissions (Optional, Defaulted to False): Keep permissions of files. WARNING: Can be dangerous if the zip was not created in a NIX system, the bits could produce undefined permission schema. Use only this option if you are sure that the zip was created correctly.
pattern (Optional, Defaulted to None): Extract from the archive only paths matching the pattern. This should be a Unix shell-style wildcard. See fnmatch documentation for more details.
strip_root (Optional, Defaulted to False): When True and the ZIP file contains one folder containing all the contents, it will strip the root folder moving all its contents to the root. E.g: mylib-1.2.8/main.c will be extracted as main.c. If the compressed file contains more than one folder or only a file it will raise a ConanException.

conan.tools.files.update_conandata()

def update_conandata(conanfile, data)

Parameters:

conanfile: Conanfile object.
data (Required): A dictionary (can be nested), of values to update

This function reads the conandata.yml inside the exported folder in the conan cache, if it exists. If the conandata.yml does not exist, it will create it. Then, it updates the conandata dictionary with the provided data one, which is updated recursively, prioritizing the data values, but keeping other existing ones. Finally the conandata.yml is saved in the same place.

This helper can only be used within the export() method, it can raise otherwise. One application is to capture in the conandata.yml the scm coordinates (like Git remote url and commit), to be able to recover it later in the source() method and have reproducible recipes that can build from sources without actually storing the sources in the recipe.

Example:

from conan import ConanFile
from conan.tools.files import update_conandata

class Pkg(ConanFile):
    name = "pkg"
    version = "0.1"

    def export(self):
        # This is an example, doesn't make sense to have static data, instead you
        # could put the data directly in a conandata.yml file.
        # This would be useful for storing dynamic data, obtained at export() time from elsewhere
        update_conandata(self, {"mydata": {"value": {"nested1": 123, "nested2": "some-string"}}})

    def source(self):
        data = self.conan_data["sources"]["mydata"]